Colonoscopy is a diagnostic and screening procedure used to examine the rectum and colon with a flexible tube and camera. It helps doctors investigate symptoms such as rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, diarrhea, or unexplained weight loss. It can also help detect colon polyps and signs of colorectal cancer.
When Is a Colonoscopy Recommended?
A doctor may recommend a colonoscopy when symptoms indicate a digestive condition, or when colorectal cancer screening is appropriate based on age, family history, and risk factors. During the examination, doctors can identify abnormal areas, take biopsies, and remove polyps for testing.
Colonoscopy Preparation
Good bowel preparation is essential for a clear examination. Patients receive instructions about dietary changes, bowel-cleansing medication, and when to stop eating or drinking. Tell your doctor about medicines, supplements, allergies, and conditions before the procedure. If sedation or anesthesia is planned, arrange transportation home.
What to Expect During and After Colonoscopy
During the procedure, the colonoscope is guided through the rectum and colon while the doctor examines the intestinal lining. Sedation may be used for comfort. Afterward, bloating or abdominal cramping may occur. Recovery depends on the procedure and whether a biopsy or polyp removal was needed.