Cryoablation Treatment
Cryoablation is a minimally invasive treatment that uses extreme cold to freeze and destroy abnormal tissue, including certain tumors. During the procedure, a thin cryoprobe is carefully positioned in or near the targeted tissue, usually with the help of medical imaging such as CT, ultrasound, or MRI. The probe creates a very cold treatment zone that freezes the targeted tissue while allowing the medical team to monitor the treatment area.
How Does Cryoablation Work?
Cryoablation, also known as cryotherapy or cryosurgery, works by exposing targeted tissue to extremely low temperatures. Gas such as argon may be used within the cryoprobe to create the freezing effect. The freezing and thawing process damages the targeted cells, which are subsequently removed or absorbed by the body.
For internal tumors, doctors generally use image guidance to position one or more cryoprobes precisely. This approach allows the treatment team to focus the freezing effect on the intended treatment area and monitor nearby structures throughout the procedure.
When Is Cryoablation Used?
Cryoablation may be considered for selected tumors and abnormal tissues when it is clinically appropriate. Depending on the diagnosis, it can be used as a primary treatment, as part of a broader cancer treatment plan, or when conventional surgery may not be suitable. Cryoablation has applications in selected tumors involving areas such as the liver, lung, kidney and bone, while specialized image-guided approaches have also been studied for head, neck and spine tumors.
What to Expect During Treatment
Before cryoablation, the specialist reviews your diagnosis, imaging scans, medical history, medications, and overall health to determine whether the procedure is suitable. During treatment, imaging guidance is used to locate the target and guide the cryoprobe into position. Local anesthesia, sedation, or general anesthesia may be used depending on the location and complexity of the procedure.
After the procedure, you may be monitored for a period of time. Some patients can return home the same day, while others may require overnight observation depending on the treated area and the complexity of the procedure. Recovery and follow-up vary according to the condition being treated.