Electrophysiology Study (EPS) is a specialized cardiac test used to evaluate the heart’s electrical system and identify the cause of abnormal heart rhythms. During an EPS, a cardiac electrophysiologist guides thin catheter electrodes through a blood vessel into the heart to record electrical signals and study how they travel through different areas of the heart.
An EPS may be recommended for people experiencing irregular heartbeat, rapid heartbeat, palpitations, unexplained fainting, dizziness, or suspected cardiac arrhythmias when routine tests such as an ECG or heart monitoring do not provide enough information. The detailed electrical mapping obtained during the study can help doctors determine the origin of an abnormal rhythm and plan an appropriate treatment.
In selected patients, cardiac ablation may be performed during the same procedure after the abnormal electrical pathway or area responsible for the arrhythmia has been identified. Depending on the condition, treatment may involve techniques such as radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation.
What Happens During an Electrophysiology Study?
The procedure is generally performed in a hospital or specialized cardiac catheterization laboratory. After appropriate preparation and monitoring, catheter electrodes are introduced through a blood vessel, commonly in the groin, and positioned inside the heart. These electrodes record intracardiac electrical activity and allow the specialist to assess the heart's conduction system. In some cases, controlled electrical stimulation or medication is used to help identify the abnormal rhythm.
The duration varies depending on the complexity of the evaluation and whether ablation or another treatment is performed at the same session. Your cardiologist will explain the preparation, medications, sedation, expected recovery, and individual risks before the procedure.