Abdominoperineal Resection (APR) is a major colorectal surgery used to treat selected cancers affecting the lower rectum or anus, particularly when the tumor is too close to the anal sphincter for sphincter-preserving surgery. The procedure removes the rectum, anus and, when required, part of the sigmoid colon and nearby lymph nodes. A permanent colostomy is created to allow stool to leave the body through a stoma into a colostomy bag.
When Is APR Recommended?
A colorectal surgeon may recommend abdominoperineal resection surgery when the cancer cannot be safely removed while preserving normal anal function. Treatment decisions depend on the tumor location, stage, imaging findings, overall health and previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
What Does the Procedure Involve?
APR can be performed using open or minimally invasive surgical techniques, depending on the patient and surgical plan. The surgeon removes the affected rectum and anus and creates an end colostomy. Preoperative assessment and consultation with a stoma-care specialist help patients understand the procedure and postoperative care.
Recovery and Aftercare
Recovery varies between individuals. Hospital care generally includes pain management, nutrition, early movement and monitoring for complications. Learning colostomy care is an important part of recovery, with stoma-care nurses providing practical guidance. Complete recovery can take several weeks or longer.