Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is an advanced genetic testing procedure used alongside in vitro fertilization (IVF) to examine embryos for specific genetic or chromosomal abnormalities before an embryo is selected for transfer. It may be considered by couples with certain inherited genetic conditions, repeated pregnancy loss, chromosomal concerns, or other fertility-related factors.
How Does PGT Work?
PGT is performed as part of an IVF cycle. After eggs are collected and fertilized, embryos are developed in the laboratory. At the appropriate stage, a small number of cells are carefully taken from an embryo for genetic analysis. The embryos are generally frozen while testing is completed. Based on the results, the fertility specialist discusses which embryos may be suitable for transfer.
PGT may include PGT-A for chromosome number abnormalities, PGT-M for specific inherited genetic conditions, and PGT-SR for certain structural chromosome rearrangements.
Who May Consider PGT?
PGT may be recommended depending on individual circumstances, including a known family history of genetic disease, previous pregnancies affected by a genetic condition, recurrent pregnancy loss, or certain chromosome-related concerns. Not every patient undergoing IVF needs PGT.
A fertility and genetic counselling consultation can help determine whether PGT with IVF is appropriate based on your medical history, reproductive goals, and genetic risk.