Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) is a minimally invasive, image-guided procedure used to manage complications of portal hypertension, particularly in people with advanced liver disease or cirrhosis. During the procedure, an interventional radiologist creates a channel between the portal vein and a hepatic vein and places a stent to help redirect blood flow and reduce pressure in the portal venous system.
When Is TIPS Recommended?
TIPS may be considered for complications such as esophageal or gastric variceal bleeding, severe or recurrent ascites, and certain other conditions associated with portal hypertension. The suitability of TIPS depends on liver function, overall health, bleeding risk, and other individual factors.
How Is the TIPS Procedure Performed?
The procedure is generally performed through a vein in the neck using ultrasound and X-ray guidance. A catheter is guided into the liver, a connection is created between the portal and hepatic veins, and a stent is positioned to maintain blood flow through the new pathway.
Recovery and Follow-Up
Patients are monitored after TIPS, and follow-up imaging such as ultrasound may be required to check that the stent remains open and functions properly. Recovery varies depending on the patient's underlying liver condition and overall health.