Iron deficiency anemia occurs when the body does not have enough iron to produce healthy red blood cells and adequate hemoglobin. It can cause persistent fatigue, weakness, dizziness, pale skin, shortness of breath and reduced energy. Identifying the underlying cause is an important part of effective treatment.
Diagnosis and Evaluation
A personalized evaluation may include a complete blood count (CBC), hemoglobin, serum iron and ferritin tests to assess red blood cells and iron stores. Depending on your symptoms and medical history, your doctor may investigate possible causes such as nutritional deficiency, heavy menstrual bleeding, gastrointestinal blood loss or problems with iron absorption.
Treatment Options
Treatment is based on the severity and cause of anemia. Oral iron supplements are commonly used to restore iron levels, while intravenous (IV) iron therapy may be considered when oral iron is not tolerated, does not work adequately, or faster iron replacement is clinically appropriate. Dietary guidance may also include iron-rich foods such as lentils, beans, leafy greens, meat and fortified foods.